Which description fits active drowning?

Active drowning typically involves individuals who are struggling to stay above water. When someone is in this state, they display noticeable signs of panic and distress, such as flailing their arms, gasping for air, or attempting to keep their head above the water's surface. This struggle often leads to a quick submersion.

The description stating that victims struggle on the surface before submerging accurately captures the essence of active drowning. It highlights the urgency and peril of the situation, as victims are actively fighting for their lives, which is a critical understanding for lifeguards and bystanders to recognize in order to respond effectively and provide assistance.

Other options, such as victims floating calmly or swimming to safety, do not align with the characteristics of active drowning. Those scenarios indicate a level of stability and control that is not present in a drowning situation. The option suggesting that victims call for help may occur, but it is not a defining characteristic of active drowning, since many victims may be unable to vocalize their distress due to the struggle for breath. Understanding these distinctions is vital for those tasked with surveillance and rescue in aquatic environments.